Aviation Story: Boeing 737 MAX
### Aviation Story: Boeing 737 MAX
Here is a photo of the recently discussed B737Max. Due to a defect in the aircraft, a Lion Air B737 Max crashed, and multiple incidents have revealed inherent design flaws in Boeing's aircraft.
The Boeing 737 Max features the largest engine among the Boeing 737 series, the LEAP 1B engine.
"Each LEAP engine contains 19 fuel nozzles made with 3D printing (see photo), 4th generation carbon fiber composite blades, and ceramic matrix composite (CMC) parts. The durability of the 3D-printed nozzles is five times better than conventional products. Additionally, the number of welding points has been reduced from 25 to 5, making it much more functional.
Ceramic matrix composite parts outperform metal parts in terms of weight and heat resistance. Compared to traditional metal parts, weight is reduced by about one-third, and heat resistance is increased by more than 20%. Michael Kauffman, a GE Aviation production executive, said:
'Reducing weight during design results in much greater benefits than expected. Using lightweight blades eliminates the need for thick nickel alloy turbine disks. With reduced centrifugal force, bearings and other parts can also be lighter. It’s basic physics.'
Thanks to new technology, the LEAP engine is hundreds of kilograms lighter than conventional metal engines, and new materials have improved thermal efficiency and engine efficiency. 'We continue to research material technology. Changing materials allows us to create lighter and more efficient jet engines. As a result, aircraft using this engine will be more efficient and cost-effective,' added Kauffman.
The first LEAP engine has already been developed and is undergoing testing for certification. Various tests are being conducted to evaluate engine systems and operability in Ohio, France, and Canada. The LEAP engine will undergo 60 disassembly-reassembly processes for ground and flight tests. Testing is expected to continue until 2016 to simulate 15 years of operation. CFM’s vice president, Chaker Chahrour, stated, 'We are running the engine in every possible test program we can.'
This engine is considered the most advanced aircraft engine with the latest technology. Its safety has also been proven.
However, what was the issue with the B737Max? Among the B737 series, the B737Max has the largest engine. When engine power increases, the aircraft's nose rises, which is corrected by a stabilizer trim (Elevator) adjustment system.
This system moves the aircraft's horizontal tail. The AOA sensor mounted at the front detects the nose's upward or downward movement, and the stabilizer adjustment system automatically levels the aircraft. This allows the pilot to control the aircraft more comfortably.
The problem appears to lie with the AOA sensor defect. The single AOA sensor at the nose sends incorrect signals indicating the nose is rising, causing the stabilizer adjustment system, known as MCAS, to continuously lower the stabilizer, making the aircraft descend.
If the MCAS is not turned off, it will keep the aircraft's pitch (the angle of the nose up or down) downward, eventually leading to an accident.
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